Indonesia is one country with very large
forest holdings. As a country with an area of 93.92 million hectares of forest in 2005 (data from
the Ministry of Forestry) will certainly be a lot of face many problems. One of
the problems that arise on the sustainability of the existence of the forest is the forest fire problem. Forest fires are a
serious problem,because apart the reduced impact of forest area, another effect
are such as pollution andenvironmental sustainability in the forest itself.
With the impacts, of course there is very
important to monitor the local hotspots in the area of forest in Indonesia. Not
only that, with very large forests resulted in problems inmonitoring. One of the
popular activities undertaken to monitoring in realtime, for example using data from MODIS or NOAA satellites. However, with the area so wouldrequires
enormous resources.
One solution that can be used is the spatial
modeling to determine the level of potential vulnerability of forests against forest
fires. This solution is preventive, which is basically using spatial modeling to
predict areas with a high potential for forest fires, so as to narrow the forest
area that needs to be monitoring in detail.
Modelling itself requires fuel type index
data obtained from the type of vegetation cover ,elevation index, the index slope,
aspect index, and index of accessibility from the road. Index of fuel type used
to obtain the potential of vegetation to burn. Level of potential is seen from the
type of vegetation, in which each type of vegetation would have a level of resistance
to fire differently. To index elevation,
slope, and aspect relief is obtained fromDEM data or other data such as elevation contours. These data are also used because
in the process of the fire is influenced by the height of a location. In addition,
by use of the index slope and aspect can be to describe the relief of the potential
rate of spread offorest fires in case. For an index of accessibility based coverage
level for fire-fightingaction, with the logic, further and further from the road
then the process of handling a fire will be more difficult, so it will increase
the value of the coefficient for the occurrence offires is longer.
CFRISK = FUI*4 + ASI*3 + SLI*2 +ACI + ELI
For the determination of fire potential
value of the index level can be described by the following formula:
Description:
CFRISK = potential for forest fires
FUI = index of fuel type vegetation
ASI = index aspects of the relief
SLI = index slope
ACI = accessibility index
ELI = height index
Factors that get the highest value is the
index of fuel type ¸ where contributions from the possibility of fire on vegetation
are most affected. The second factor considered is theaspect factor relief, arguing
that aspects of the relief shows the position facing againstthe sun's light from
that location. The position of the sun's light to be considered because it will
certainly affect the level of dryness of the vegetation that affect the potential
for fire.
References :
Dun, Dehra. Forest Fire and Degradation Assessment Using Satellite
Remote Sensing And Geographic Information System. Hyderabad, India : Indian Istitute of Remote Sensing
(NRSA)
Original Post can be
found in here.
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